Microsoft is a cloud computing, software, and digital services provider headquartered in Redmond, Washington.
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Microsoft's emissions rose 25% in FY2025 to 21.1 Mt CO2e, driven by data-centre construction: capital-goods emissions rose from 5.6 Mt to 9.0 Mt and Scope 3 is 86% of the total. It reports 100% renewable electricity matching, but As You Sow reports it holds nearly 60% of oil and gas cloud contracts, two of which exceed its entire footprint. The SBTi removed its net-zero commitment, and its plan relies heavily on carbon removal.
Microsoft scores 39/100 (Below expectations) on SINK's independent climate assessment, scored from public data only. Fees pay for the review, never the result. Last verified October 2026.
That places Microsoft joint 385th of 847 companies scored, and joint 39th of 76 in SaaS / Digital Services.
Where Microsoft sits among saas / digital services peers.
Among the 76 major saas / digital services brands we've scored, Microsoft is tied =39th of 76, with 1 other.
Its three lowest-scoring questions, and what the evidence didn't show.
All three scopes rose in FY25.
Virginia DEQ ordered $2.5M fine for Leesburg datacenter NOx and fuel exceedances (2024-25).
No TNFD-aligned disclosure or quantified nature footprint for datacenter land use or hardware supply chain identified.
A score changes when the evidence does. We use new published evidence at the next rescore. Evidence that isn't public can count through an evidence review.
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Get in touch →Strongest on Carbon Footprint — Operations and Energy Source (8/10, 8/10). Weakest on Emissions Trajectory and Controversies & Red Flags (0/10, 2/10).
The 3 companies in the sector scoring nearest above Microsoft.
Alphabet's emissions rose 18% in 2025 to 18.8 Mt CO2e, driven by data-centre growth, and Scope 3 rose 25% year on year.
See the breakdown →Otter.ai has published zero emissions data, targets, or sustainability strategy despite $100M ARR and 25M users.
See the breakdown →Stripe publishes almost no corporate environmental data despite $5.1B revenue and 8,000 employees.
See the breakdown →Microsoft's score has moved from 43 to 39 across 2 recorded reviews, down 4 points.
Fortune 50 re-score (owner-approved batch 1, 2026-10-17)
Initial score at platform launch
The formula and all 8 sources.
Same ten questions for every company. No private weighting.
SINK = (0.3 × Base + 0.7 × Performance) × Scale8 sources used in this assessment. All publicly available. Each row shows which of the ten questions it informed.
“Deloitte & Touche LLP performed a review engagement on management's assertion related to the specified information presented in Section 1”
“ballooned to nearly 2.7 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent last year from 258,217 metric tons of CO2 equivalent in FY2024”
“In 2020, we announced goals to become a carbon negative, water positive, and zero waste company by 2030.”
“Microsoft continues to work with SBTi and maintains a near-term SBTi-validated target that is aligned with the Paris Agreement.”
“just two of these contracts had a greater emissions impact than Microsoft's entire Scope 1 – 3 emissions”
“Microsoft limited the scope of its report to US-based industry associations”
“Virginia's Department of Environment Quality (DEQ) is requiring Microsoft pay $2.5 million for exceeding air quality standards last summer.”
If you believe a source has been misread or a newer version exists, submit a challenge.
Microsoft is a cloud computing, software, and digital services provider headquartered in Redmond, Washington. Incorporated in 1981 (its roots go back to a 1975 partnership), it operates across enterprise software (Azure, Microsoft 365), gaming (Xbox), and AI services. FY2026 revenue was $331.8 billion with ~223,000 employees. The company is a major infrastructure backbone for enterprise and government workloads globally.
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