Turkish Airlines is the flag carrier and largest airline of Turkey, founded in 1933 and headquartered in Istanbul.
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Turkish Airlines' emissions have risen 19% year-on-year to 27.5 Mt CO₂e in 2023, driven by fleet expansion plans to 800 aircraft by 2033. No SBTi-validated targets, no absolute reduction pathway, and reliance on offsets with credible additionality concerns. ClientEarth and NGOs flagged greenwashing; offset projects include terminated schemes and biodiversity-questionable plantations.
Turkish Airlines scores 24/100 (Significant gaps) on SINK's independent climate assessment, scored from public data only. Fees pay for the review, never the result. Last verified July 2026.
That places Turkish Airlines joint 753rd of 847 companies scored, and joint 11th of 23 in Airlines / Aviation.
Where Turkish Airlines sits among airlines / aviation peers.
Among the 23 major airlines / aviation brands we've scored, Turkish Airlines is tied =11th of 23, with 3 others.
Its three lowest-scoring questions, and what the evidence didn't show.
No credible absolute reduction pathway published; growth trajectory will structurally increase emissions.
Turkish Airlines not on SBTi dashboard; no validated or committed targets.
No specific SAF tonnes uplifted or percentage of total fuel disclosed.
A score changes when the evidence does. We use new published evidence at the next rescore. Evidence that isn't public can count through an evidence review.
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Get in touch →Strongest on Carbon Footprint — Operations and Transparency & Accountability (6/10, 5/10). Weakest on Emissions Trajectory and Targets & Commitments (1/10, 2/10).
The 3 companies in the sector scoring nearest above Turkish Airlines.
Lufthansa's absolute emissions rose 16% year-on-year to 42.9 Mt CO₂e in 2024, exceeding pre-COVID levels.
See the breakdown →easyJet publishes verified emissions data and holds an SBTi-validated intensity target, but absolute emissions rose 43% year-on-year while the airline remains 99%+ dependent on fossil jet fuel.
See the breakdown →Air France-KLM's absolute emissions rose 17.5% in 2024 despite intensity improvements.
See the breakdown →The formula and all 12 sources.
Same ten questions for every company. No private weighting.
SINK = (0.3 × Base + 0.7 × Performance) × Scale12 sources used in this assessment. All publicly available. Each row shows which of the ten questions it informed.
8 of 12 sources are independent of the company.
“Scope 1 emissions of about 20,898,027,000 kg CO2e, Scope 2 emissions of approximately 120,182,000 kg CO2e”
“Since 2016, Greenhouse gases calculated and reported by Turkish Airlines...have been verified by third party verification institutions”
“2023 SASB Report · Supplier code of conduct policy”
“In 2023, Turkish Airlines' greenhouse gas emissions were approximately 27.5 million metric tons of CO₂ equivalent, around 19 percent more than the previous year”
“annual greenhouse gas emissions rise to a record 22.98 million tonnes – around 35% higher than in 2018”
“carried out our first flight using aviation fuel obtained from sustainable sources in February 2022”
“In 2023, SAF production was just 0.2 per cent of global jet fuel use”
“Turkish Airlines strives to lead the practices regarding the No Net Loss (NNL) principle in biodiversity and prevention of deforestation”
“-5% improvement in natural gas ve water consumption”
“lack of data related to any decarbonization indicators in aviation (such as carbon emissions, water consumption, waste management)”
“Airlines receiving the warning included...Turkish Airlines among others”
“Turkish Airlines had a high engagement on climate policy with unclear positioning”
If you believe a source has been misread or a newer version exists, submit a challenge.
Turkish Airlines is the flag carrier and largest airline of Turkey, founded in 1933 and headquartered in Istanbul. Operating a fleet of 400+ aircraft across 330+ destinations, it carries over 80 million passengers annually. The airline is a member of Star Alliance and ranks among Europe's largest carriers by passenger volume and capacity.
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